Full Name: Wat Rakhang Kositaram Woramahawihan
Location: Bangkok Noi District, along the Chao Phraya River.
It is directly across from the Grand Palace and near the Wang Lang Market and Siriraj Hospital.
Description
Wat Rakhang Kositaram Woramahawihan is a prominent royal temple located in the heart of Bangkok Noi, directly across the river from the Grand Palace. Its location by the riverside makes it a striking and peaceful spiritual landmark, inviting both followers of Buddhism and tourists alike. Given it is a second-class royal monastery, it holds significant status within the hierarchy of Thai Buddhism.
The name Wat Rakhang has a unique origin, translating to “Temple of the Bell” in English. During renovations in the reign of King Rama I, a large and ancient bell was discovered within the temple grounds. The bell was considered auspicious and symbolic of spiritual resonance and Buddhist teachings. It was eventually moved to Wat Phra Kaew (the Temple of the Emerald Buddha), and five smaller bells were given in its place. The temple was subsequently renamed to commemorate the original bell, symbolizing the spreading of Dharma, much like the sound of a bell traveling through the air. Wat Rakhang is not just a religious site but also a historical and cultural treasure. It combines sacred atmosphere with Thai architecture, making it a meaningful place of worship and a key site in the Thai spiritual landscape.
History
Wat Rakhang dates back to the Ayutthaya period, making it several centuries old. Originally called “Wat Bang Wa Yai,” it was a local temple before becoming a royal monastery. When King Taksin established Thonburi as the capital in the late 18th century, he ordered the temple’s restoration. The temple was still prominent at this time due to its proximity to the new capital and royal patronage. Later, King Rama I also contributed to its further renovation and elevation in status. Under his reign, the temple was renamed Wat Rakhang Kositaram, and it began gaining prominence in Thai Buddhist society.
This temple is the home of one of Thailand’s most esteemed monks, Somdet Phra Phutthachan (Toh Prommarangsi). He resided at Wat Rakhang during the 19th century and became widely known for his deep spiritual insight, the creation of powerful Buddhist amulets, and a spiritual advisor to royalty, including King Rama IV. His presence solidified the temple’s religious importance.
Wat Rakhang has long been connected to Thai royalty. Several royal family members and prominent Buddhist figures have paid homage at the site, emphasizing its status as a royal temple of the second class. Over the years, it has undergone various phases of preservation and adaptation, balancing modernity with traditional religious practices. Today, the temple stands as both a religious sanctuary and a symbol of Thailand’s historical evolution in terms of Buddhism, art, and royal patronage.
Architecture and Art
Wat Rakhang features beautiful and traditional Thai architecture that reflects the style of the Rattanakosin period, which is known for its detailed and colorful designs. The temple is made up of several important buildings, including the Ubosot (ordination hall), the Viharn (prayer hall), the Chedi (stupa), and the Bell Tower, which connects to the temple’s name.
The Ubosot is arguably the most important building in the temple. This is where monks perform ceremonies and is decorated with gold, colorful grass, and traditional Thai patterns. Inside, it holds the main Buddha statue and is often filled with people praying or meditating. Next to it is the Viharn, another large hall where followers come to make merit, light incense, and listen to sermons.
The temple also has murals painted on the walls inside the halls. These paintings show stories from the life of the Buddha and important Buddhist lessons. They are both beautiful and meaningful, helping people to reflect on the teachings of Buddhism. With its peaceful riverfront location, Wat Rakhang offers both spiritual calm and a glimpse into Thailand’s rich artistic and religious history.
The Ubosot
It features traditional Rattanakosin-style architecture, with a multi-tiered roof, gold-trimmed windows, and intricate murals inside depicting scenes from the life of the Buddha. Inside the hall sits a Buddha, often surrounded by offerings and candles, creating a peaceful atmosphere.
The Stupa
A classic bell-shaped structure that enshrines sacred Buddhist relics. It is typically adorned with white plaster, reflecting the influence of traditional Thai and Ayutthaya-era architecture. Surrounded by a courtyard, the stupa stands as a spiritual focal point, inviting visitors to walk around it in the temple.
The Viharn
The Viharn (prayer hall) is a spacious and ornately decorated building where devotees gather to pray, make merit, and listen to sermons. The interior walls are adorned with detailed murals and gold accents. The Viharn is very accessible to the public and is often the center of daily devotional activities.
Interview with Local Monk
“It is my duty to take care of the auspicious objects of the temple.”
Phra Anurak Bhikkhu
During our visit to Wat Rakhang, we spoke with a resident monk who shared his role in caring for the temple. He is responsible for maintaining and overseeing auspicious objects, which are important for spiritual practice and temple traditions. Part of his duties also includes helping his relatives rent auspicious objects to the temple, reflecting the close connection between community, family, and religious service. His perspective gave us a deeper appreciation for the daily responsibilities and dedication of the Sangha.
Religious Significance
Beyond a beautiful temple and community center, Wat Rakhang embodies central Buddhist values of respect, mindfulness, and tradition.
Buddhist temples like Wat Rakhang offer a peaceful environment where individuals can meditate and reflect. With its ideal location on the river, and the iconic ringing bells, Wat Rakhang differentiates itself from other temples as a great place to practice mindfulness.
Wat Rakhang continues to practice ancient traditions to connect with the community and honor the rich history of Buddhist practices. Within the temple you can find worshippers meditating, giving offerings, and even seeking advice from resident monks. Unlike other places in the world, stepping into the walls offers a peek at the timeless traditions which many Thais continue to practice everyday.
Somdej Toh
The temple is deeply respected by Thai people as a sacred space and home statue of the widely revered saintly monk Somdej Toh. Standard traditions like offering lotus flowers, lighting incense, and bowing before Buddha display the practitioner’s level of respect toward the temple, Buddhism, and the Buddha.
Born in 1788 before his father would become King Rama II, Somdej Toh went on to be one of the most renowned and saintly monks in the history of Thailand. His early life was spent studying at Wat Mahathat, but ultimately Somdej Toh moved across the river to Wat Rakhang to further his meditation skills and knowledge of Buddhism. Today, a large statue honors him on the riverbank at Wat Rakhang, visited by many Thais and Buddhists to pay respect.
